The LOONAVERSE, Explained: K-pop's Deepest Rabbit Hole

Every lore-heavy K-pop group has fans who over-analyze music videos. LOONA had fans with spreadsheets, wikis, and competing schools of interpretation — because no group before or since has built a universe this dense on purpose. And in a twist no one wrote, the fictional universe ended up outliving the company that created it.

The most ambitious debut plan in K-pop history

Starting in September 2016, LOONA’s agency ran a pre-debut project unlike anything the industry had tried: one new member revealed every month, each with her own solo single and music video, each assigned her own color and animal. The full twelve took over a year and a half to assemble — mirroring the roughly month-long cycle of the moon’s phases, one girl per cycle, for a group whose Korean name (이달의 소녀) literally means “girl of the month.”

By the time the full group debuted in 2018, there were already dozens of MVs stitched together into one continuity.

All twelve LOONA members on stage at their debut showcase in August 2018
Photo: NewsInStar 뉴스인스타, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The cosmology

The LOONAVERSE places its twelve characters across three worlds arranged on a Möbius strip:

A Möbius strip has only one surface — walk far enough and you return to where you started, inverted. That geometry is the storytelling: timelines loop, mirror images recur, and cause and effect refuse to stay in order.

Built to be argued about

Unlike aespa’s universe, which explains itself, the LOONAVERSE was deliberately left open. Its creator seeded symbols without official answers, and the fandom — Orbit — became the universe’s real co-author, mapping timelines frame by frame across wikis and theory videos. The arguing wasn’t a byproduct; it was the design.

“Butterfly” (2019) — shot across five countries on three continents, and the universe’s thesis statement: girls worldwide, one connected story.

The ending nobody scripted

The real-world chapter turned darker than any MV. In November 2022, member Chuu was abruptly removed from the group, and within months the remaining members had filed to suspend their contracts with agency Blockberry Creative, citing a broken relationship of trust — including contracts being reassigned without the members’ consent. The members won their freedom — and the group, as constituted, effectively ended.

But here’s the part that belongs in this section: the universe survived. Five members (HeeJin, HaSeul, Kim Lip, JinSoul, Choerry) re-debuted in 2024 as ARTMS, carrying the Odd Eye Circle trio forward under new management; the other five (HyunJin, YeoJin, ViVi, GoWon, HyeJu) regrouped as Loossemble, while Yves and Chuu went solo — and HyunJin has since gone on to run her own company. The characters scattered across new agencies the way their fictional counterparts scattered across worlds.

ARTMS is still writing the next chapter — including a comeback this August on our calendar.

Where to start

If you want to experience the rabbit hole properly: watch the twelve pre-debut solo MVs in release order, then the sub-unit releases, then debut-era LOONA — and only then read the fan theories. For what “lore” means in K-pop more broadly, start with our pinned explainer: What Is K-pop Lore?